Commonalities Across Definitions of Dyslexia

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Miciak, J., & Fletcher, J. M. (2020). The critical role of instructional response for identifying dyslexia and other learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 53(5), 343-353.

COMMON DEFINITIONS

INTERNATIONAL DYSLEXIA ASSOCIATION
(Lyon et al., 2003)

BRITISH DYSLEXIA ASSOCIATION
(BDA, 2007)

THE ROSE REPORT
(Rose, 2009)

INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES-10 (WHO, 2013) FIRST STEP ACT
(H.R.5682 - FIRST STEP ACT, 2018)

CORE DIMENSIONS OF DYSLEXIA

  • Origin
  • Attributes
  • Instructional Factors

Miciak and Fletcher (2020) identified shared dimensions derived from common definitions of dyslexia including:

Origin: Dyslexia is a brain-based disorder that is frequently associated with difficulties in phonological processing, cognitive processing, or both.

Attributes: Dyslexia is characterized by difficulties in foundational skills that involve the ability to read and spell words accurately and fluently. It also involves unexpected difficulties in reading in relation to other cognitive abilities.

Instructional Factors: Dyslexia and the reading difficulties associated with it are not the result of lack of access or exposure to phonics instruction.

Suggested Citation

National Center on Improving Literacy (2022). Commonalities Across Definitions of Dyslexia. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of Special Education Programs, National Center on Improving Literacy. Retrieved from https://www.improvingliteracy.org.

References